Cold+War+1950s


 * [[file:This one works.pps]]Cold War 1950s**

Courtney Kockler Who? The US, Israel, Egypt (Nasser), Britain, France What? The United States didn't help Nasser with the Aswan Dam project, so he revolted and nationalized the Suez Canal. The Suez Canal was an important source of resources and a valuable asset. Previously many European countries had control over the Suez Canal in Egypt. The British and French decided to join with Israel and fight for the canal back, but Nasser defeated them. The US confronted Great Britain and France, which detracted attention from the Soviet Union's affairs in Europe. Eventually, the British, French, and Israelis withdrew and Nasser remained in control of the Suez Canal. Where? Egypt When? July 26-November 5, 1956 Why significant? This led the Soviet Union to get involved in the Revolution of Hungary, because the world's attention was drawn to the Suez Crisis. This increased competition between countries, because they all were in this race for resources in order to see who could obtain the most valuable resources. This changed the atmosphere of imperialized and developing nations, because Nasser proved with the Suez Crisis that a developing nation could defeat Western powers. (Book) Who? Nikita Khrushchev What? The people wanted to change the way that their country operated Where? Hungary When? 1956 Why significant? The established a multiparty government. Hungary declared neutrality and appealed to the UN. The Soviets did not want them to revolutionize and invaded Hungary. Soviet Union made a major attack on Hungary. This attack was said to be one of the darkest moments during the Cold War. [] [] Who? United States, Britain, France, New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Pakistan. What? Southeast Asia Treaty Organization Where? Europe, Untied States, Middle East, headquartered in Bangkok When? 1954 Why significant? This was created to prevent communism from spreading in the region. SEATO had no military forces of its own, but held training sessions each year for each of its members. Its weaknesses were responding to guerrilla/surprise attacks, and leaving its members to react on their own to internal threats.
 * Suez crisis **
 * Revolution of Hungary **
 * SEATO **

[] Who? Ho Chi Minh What? He was communist. He was one of the founders of the French Communist Party. He lived in Vietnam then England then Paris and then China. Where? Vietnam When? Born in 1890 Why significant? He was very involved in the Vietnam Revolutionary League. After Vietnam was invaded he and his friends created the Vietminh. This was a military force operated with help from the Soviet Union. And was trying to help Vietnam from the French. In 1945 he then created the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
 * Ho Chi Minh **

[] Who? Egyptian President and Prime Minister What? Arab Socialism Where? Egypt When? 1918-1970 Why significant? He nationalized banks, industries and the Suez Canal. He led the Six- Day War and was humiliated so he resigned. He was a supporter of Arab Unity. After his resignation he became the Prime minister and was VERY dependent on the Soviet Union. He wanted all Arabian people to come together and fight off the anti-Muslim and Israeli people. He played a big role in the 1956 Suez Crisis. He was big role model in the eyes of the Egyptians and the Arabians. He helped Egypt turn from a developing nation to a player in the world community.
 * Nasser **

[] []

Katie Dunn IDs for the 1950s __Massive Retaliation __ Who? United States using on the Soviet Union What? The Massive Retaliation was a strategy used by both sides in the Cold War, in order to defeat their opponents. It was the threat of a full out attack on the opposing side. The attack included the use of nuclear weapons. When? The strategy was used in the 1950s. Where? It was used in U.S., but intended for the Soviet Union Why significant? The Massive Retaliation was significant, because it was intended to completely exterminate all war efforts. The strategy was used as the brink of war, so the opposing would never want to go to war again. The United States used this method to discourage any future Koreas. It was encouraging anti-Communism throughout the war. It was significant, because it made the country threatening it seem as if they were teasing the other side. This increased the defenselessness in the Cold War, because at any moment the opposite side could be surprised attacked and face many causalities. []  __Korean War __ Who? North and South Korea What? After growing tensions of the Cold War amonog major world powers, the country’s openly shared a hatred for eachother. The Soviet Union had control over North Korea and proceeded to rule it as a communist country. The leader of North Korea, Kim Il Sung had built a strong army, and he was confident in his army’s ability to defeat the South Koreans. The Americans interfered in the Korean civil war by requesting the interference of the U.N. Security Council after the Northern Koreans had pushed their down to Seoul, the capital of South Korea. North Korea was advancing in South Korea quickly. The war ended when General Taylor stopped his attack. The United Nations then created a demilitarized zone between North and South Korea. An armistice was created between the two countries. The famous dividing line between North and South Korea was the 38th Parallel. The war ended in a stalemate. When? June 25, 1950- first attack-July 20th 1953 Where? Civil war in Korea Why significant? The war created a stronger division of the people of Korea. This war is significant, because it was the first time the U.N. decided to interfere with armed weaponry. President Truman became an executive leader of the United Nations. The country was not allowed to bring in more troops or weaponry. The Americans offered economic aid to South Korea. Nuclear weapons continued to develop and the cold war continued on. [] __Battle of Dien Bien Phu __ Who?  Ho Chi Minh- leader of Vietnamese and the French What?  The French first attacked the Vietnamese on March 13th 1954. The Vietnamese were victorious over the French, but they had suffered tremendous losses. During the battle, conditions of living in Dien Bien Phu became very difficult. There were many casualties on both sides. The French wanted to stay in the war until the Geneva Conference, which would start the war in Indo-china. Dien Bien Phu fell towards the end of the battle. The French end up being defeated by the Vietnamese on May 8th 1954 and they ask for an armistice from the Vietnamese When? March 13th-May 8th 1954 Where? Vietnam Why significant? The Battle of Dien Bien Phu was a significant battle between the Vietnamese and French, because it was one of the longest, most difficult battles. This was another battle against communism. This battle was significant, because it was the end to the French involvement in Asia. The French suffered a major defeat by the Vietnamese, so it was like communism won against the French. The end to this battle eliminated the French military in Vietnam. [] []

__HUAC in US Congress __ Who? HUAC= House Un-American Activities Committee; It had many different anti-communist members such Richard Nixon. What? The committee was formed in order to abolish communism throughout the world. The group also persecuted people who sympathized with communists too. Anyone who ever was involved with the communist party was held guilty. Many investigative cases were held throughout the 50s. HUAC strongly supported FDR’s leadership. When? It was created in 1938 and kept going throughout the 50s and 60s, but in 1975 it was abolished. Where? The United States Why significant? HUAC was set the precedent for other cases in the United States. The HUAC supported the anti-communism in the United States. It reinforces that communism was not supported by the United States in the world community, and communists would be held accountable for their involvement in communism. HUAC was seen as contradictory, because it violates basic terms of the first amendment by persecuting people without a trial and not allowing them to assemble and taking away their freedom of speech, because HUAC wouldn't let people support communism. Therefore, HUAC is very controversial. []  __Sputnik __<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> Who? Soviet Union; Sergei Korolev: leader of the team What? Sputnik was a satellite launched in October of 1957. It was 185 pounds and 23 cm in diameter. The satellite sent signals to radios throughout the world. However, the satellite stopped sending out signals later in October when it ran out of batteries. When Sputnik entered the earth’s atmosphere it was destroyed. The Soviet Union continued to launch sputnik satellites all into mid 1958. When? 1957-1958; launched on: October 4th, 1957 Where? Atmosphere Why significant? Sputnik was significant, because it revolutionized the study of the atmosphere and satellites. Sputnik encouraged the United States to get involved in studying the atmosphere. The satellites orbited the earth, so they began to learn more about the solar system. The Space Race symbolized the struggle between communism/totalitarianism and capitalism/democracy. []